Mælkekirtelvævet

Mælkekirtelvævet, also known as mammary gland tissue, is specialized tissue found in mammals that produces milk. In females, this tissue develops significantly during puberty and pregnancy under hormonal influence, preparing for lactation after childbirth. The primary function of mælkekirtelvævet is to synthesize and secrete milk, a nutrient-rich fluid essential for the nourishment of offspring.

The structure of mælkekirtelvævet consists of a network of ducts and alveoli. The alveoli are small, sac-like structures where milk is produced by specialized cells. These alveoli are clustered together, forming lobules, which in turn are grouped into lobes. The ducts are tubes that carry the milk from the alveoli towards the nipple, where it is expelled.

Hormones play a crucial role in the development and function of mælkekirtelvævet. Estrogen and progesterone stimulate the growth of ducts and lobules during puberty and pregnancy, respectively. Prolactin, released by the pituitary gland, is essential for milk production after birth, while oxytocin facilitates the milk ejection reflex.

Changes in mælkekirtelvævet can occur throughout a female's life. During the menstrual cycle, hormonal fluctuations can lead to temporary changes in breast tissue, often perceived as tenderness or swelling. Post-menopause, the glandular tissue typically regresses and is replaced by fatty tissue. Mælkekirtelvævet is also susceptible to various conditions, including benign growths and breast cancer. Regular examination and screening are important for early detection of abnormalities.