Multivesikulaarsed

Multivesikulaarsed, also known as multivesicular bodies (MVBs), are specialized endosomal compartments involved in the intracellular trafficking of proteins and lipids. They are characterized by the presence of multiple intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) within their lumen. These ILVs are formed through the inward budding of the MVB's limiting membrane. The formation and maturation of MVBs are crucial steps in the endocytic pathway, bridging early and late endosomes. Proteins destined for degradation, secretion, or insertion into the plasma membrane are sorted into ILVs. This sorting process is often mediated by the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) machinery. MVBs can then fuse with lysosomes for cargo degradation or with the plasma membrane to release their ILVs as exosomes, which are small extracellular vesicles involved in intercellular communication. The contents of these exosomes can influence the behavior of recipient cells. Disruptions in MVB formation or function have been implicated in various cellular processes and diseases, highlighting their significance in cellular homeostasis and signaling.