Multicouplers

Multicouplers are devices used in radio frequency (RF) systems to allow multiple receivers to share a single antenna. They are passive components that provide a way to distribute the RF signal from the antenna to several receiver inputs while minimizing signal loss and isolation between the receiver ports. This is particularly useful in applications where space is limited or where running multiple antennas is impractical or undesirable.

The primary function of a multicoupler is to divide the incoming RF signal power among its output ports. However, simply splitting a signal can lead to significant attenuation. Therefore, multicouplers are designed to achieve this division with as little insertion loss as possible. Additionally, they provide isolation between the receiver ports. This isolation prevents signals from one receiver from interfering with another, which is crucial for the proper operation of sensitive radio equipment. Without sufficient isolation, strong signals from one receiver could desensitize or overload another.

Multicouplers are commonly found in applications such as amateur radio stations, maritime communications, military communication systems, and cellular base stations. They can be designed for specific frequency ranges or as broadband devices covering a wide spectrum. The number of output ports can vary depending on the application, ranging from a few to many. When selecting a multicoupler, key parameters to consider include the insertion loss, isolation between ports, input and output impedance, and the power handling capability. Careful selection ensures optimal performance of the RF system.