Muljumispõletus

Muljumispõletus, also known as a contusion or bruise, is a type of soft tissue injury that results from direct impact or trauma. It occurs when small blood vessels, primarily capillaries, located beneath the skin are damaged and leak blood into the surrounding tissues. This leakage causes the characteristic discoloration, typically starting as reddish or purplish and evolving through shades of blue, green, and yellow as the blood is reabsorbed by the body.

The severity of a muljumispõletus can vary widely. Minor bruises may be caused by everyday bumps and result in minimal pain and swelling. More significant impacts, such as those from falls, sports injuries, or accidents, can lead to more severe contusions with considerable pain, swelling, and even hematoma formation, which is a larger collection of blood. The location of the bruise also plays a role; bruises on areas with less subcutaneous fat, like shins or elbows, may appear more prominent and be more painful.

Diagnosis of a muljumispõletus is usually made through a physical examination, observing the color, swelling, and tenderness of the affected area. In most cases, muljumispõletus does not require specific medical treatment beyond rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE), which helps to reduce swelling and pain. Pain relievers, such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen, can also be used. Recovery time depends on the severity of the bruise, with minor ones healing within a few days to a week, while more severe injuries may take several weeks. Medical attention might be necessary if the pain is severe, the swelling is extensive, or if there are concerns about a fracture or other more serious injury.