Montagnard

The term "Montagnard" historically refers to the indigenous ethnic groups of the Central Highlands of Vietnam. These groups are collectively known as the Degar peoples, and they comprise numerous distinct ethnolinguistic communities, including the Jarai, Rhade (Êđê), Bahnar, Sedang, and others. They have traditionally inhabited the mountainous regions of southern and central Vietnam for centuries.

The Montagnard peoples have their own unique languages, customs, and traditions, which are distinct from the Kinh majority of Vietnam. Their cultures are often characterized by animistic beliefs, communal land ownership, and a strong connection to their ancestral territories. Historically, they have maintained a degree of autonomy from lowland Vietnamese kingdoms and later, colonial powers.

During the Vietnam War, many Montagnard groups allied with the United States and South Vietnamese forces, often serving as scouts and combat troops. This alliance led to significant political and social upheaval for the Montagnard population. Following the end of the war in 1975 and the reunification of Vietnam, many Montagnards faced discrimination and repression from the new government. Some fled the country, seeking refuge in countries like the United States, Canada, and France, where Montagnard communities now exist. Those who remain in Vietnam continue to advocate for their rights and cultural preservation.