Monomytens

Monomytens are a proposed class of programmable nanoscale units designed to form adaptive, reconfigurable matter. Each unit contains a single transformation motif within a modular framework, enabling it to switch among discrete morphologies in response to stimuli such as light, heat, or chemical signals. The name combines mono- meaning single, and mythos, alluding to repeated, story-like shape changes.

Structure and mechanism: The core is a nanoscale scaffold—often a metal oxide or semiconductor nanoparticle—surrounded by a functional organic shell. The shell carries the transformation motif, a bistable or multistable switch that governs conformation. Switching is designed to be reversible and triggered by specific wavelengths, temperatures, or chemical cues.

Fabrication and self-assembly: Monomytens can be produced by colloidal synthesis or controlled polymerization. They can self-assemble into ordered lattices or networks, with the assembled material retaining the switchable properties of its units. Assembly is influenced by interparticle forces, solvent, and external fields.

Properties and behavior: Key features include bistability, fatigue resistance, and rapid switching between states. In the switched state, surface properties and interfacial energy change, enabling tunable porosity, adhesion, or optical response. These characteristics are intended to endure repeated cycles.

Applications and status: Potential uses include adaptive coatings, responsive optics, soft robotics, and targeted delivery systems. The concept remains in the research domain, with ongoing work aimed at improving reliability, scalability, and integration with larger systems.