Monoklooriamiini

Monoklooriamiini is a chemical compound with the formula NH2Cl. It is a reactive and unstable substance that is an intermediate in the chlorination of ammonia. Monoklooriamiini is typically formed when ammonia is reacted with hypochlorite ions, such as those found in bleach. It can exist in equilibrium with dichloramine (NHCl2) and trichloramine (NCl3), collectively known as chloramines.

The formation of monoklooriamiini is a key step in various industrial processes, including water purification. When chlorine is added to water containing ammonia, chloramines are formed, which act as disinfectants. Monoklooriamiini is the least potent disinfectant among the chloramines, but it is more stable and less irritating than free chlorine. Its presence in treated water is often monitored.

Monoklooriamiini is a colorless liquid or gas. Due to its instability, it is not typically isolated or stored in large quantities. It can decompose explosively, especially when heated or in concentrated form. Its reactivity makes it useful in chemical synthesis but also presents handling hazards. In biological systems, monoklooriamiini can be formed endogenously through enzymatic reactions.