Monofunctionalisation

Monofunctionalisation is a chemical process that involves the introduction of a single functional group into a molecule. This process is often used in organic synthesis to create specific compounds with desired properties. The term "mono" refers to the single functional group being introduced, distinguishing it from polyfunctionalisation, where multiple functional groups are added.

The process typically involves the use of reagents that selectively react with a specific site on the molecule, often guided by the presence of a directing group or a specific reaction condition. Common monofunctionalisation reactions include halogenation, where a halogen atom is introduced, and hydroxylation, where a hydroxyl group is added.

Monofunctionalisation is crucial in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and other specialty chemicals. It allows for the precise modification of molecules, enabling the fine-tuning of their physical, chemical, and biological properties. The selectivity of monofunctionalisation reactions is essential for controlling the outcome of the synthesis and avoiding the formation of unwanted by-products.

In summary, monofunctionalisation is a targeted chemical process that introduces a single functional group into a molecule. It plays a vital role in organic synthesis, enabling the creation of compounds with specific properties for various applications.