Monoaminoxidázinhibitorokkal

Monoaminoxidázinhibitorokkal, commonly abbreviated as MAOIs, are a class of drugs that inhibit the activity of monoamine oxidase. Monoamine oxidase is an enzyme responsible for breaking down neurotransmitters such as serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine. By inhibiting this enzyme, MAOIs increase the levels of these neurotransmitters in the brain, which can have a positive effect on mood and reduce symptoms of depression.

MAOIs were among the first antidepressants developed and are still used today, particularly for treatment-resistant depression or atypical depression. They are also used in the management of Parkinson's disease and certain phobias. However, their use is associated with significant dietary restrictions and potential drug interactions. MAOIs can interact with tyramine-rich foods like aged cheeses, cured meats, and certain alcoholic beverages, leading to a dangerous increase in blood pressure known as a hypertensive crisis. Additionally, they can interact with other medications, including other antidepressants, decongestants, and stimulants, which can also lead to serious adverse effects. Due to these risks, MAOIs are typically prescribed only when other treatments have been unsuccessful and under close medical supervision. Newer forms of MAOIs, such as selective and reversible inhibitors of monoamine oxidase A (RIMA), have been developed to reduce some of these side effects and dietary restrictions, but caution is still advised.