Mnitrotoluene

m-Nitrotoluene, also known as 3-nitrotoluene, is an aromatic nitro compound that is one of the three isomeric nitrotoluenes derived from toluene. In this compound, a nitro group is attached to the benzene ring in the meta position relative to the methyl group. Its chemical formula is C7H7NO2.

Production and physical properties

m-Nitrotoluene is typically produced by the nitration of toluene using mixed acids (sulfuric and nitric acids). In industry, mixtures of the three nitrotoluene isomers are formed and then separated by distillation and other separation techniques. The substance is generally a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a strong aromatic odor. It is hygroscopic and has limited water solubility, while it dissolves in many organic solvents. Nitroaromatics like m-nitrotoluene are relatively stable but can be oxidized or reduced under suitable conditions.

Uses

m-Nitrotoluene serves as an intermediate in the synthesis of a wide range of organic chemicals. It is used in the manufacture of dyes, pigments, and pharmaceutical or agrochemical intermediates. It can be chemically converted to amines such as m-toluidine, which are valuable building blocks in various industrial products.

Safety and handling

m-Nitrotoluene is toxic and potentially irritating to the skin, eyes, and respiratory system. It should be handled with appropriate personal protective equipment and in well-ventilated areas. The compound can pose environmental hazards if released and should be disposed of according to applicable regulations. As with other nitroaromatics, care is required during storage and transport to avoid exposure and decomposition risks.