Mishloach

Mishloach manot, meaning sending portions, is a Purim mitzvah involving the exchange of food gifts between friends and neighbors. It derives from the biblical command in the book of Esther to “send portions one to another” and to give gifts to the poor, with the aim of increasing friendship, communal solidarity, and enjoyment of the holiday.

Practically, the obligation is fulfilled by sending at least two portions of food to at least one recipient. The items should be ready to eat and suitable for sharing. In modern practice, mishloach manot baskets typically contain two or more edible items such as baked goods, fruit, candy, nuts, or other prepared foods, often packaged together in a single container or basket. Including wine or drink is common in some communities but not required. The emphasis is on thoughtful companionship and the act of giving rather than monetary value.

Recipients are usually friends, family, or neighbors, though many people also send to others in their community or to groups such as coworkers or students. In traditional practice, mishloach manot is coordinated with matanos la’evyonim (gifts to the poor) on Purim, reflecting a broader spirit of generosity during the holiday. Customs vary by community and individual, ranging from simple, intimate exchanges to more elaborate gift baskets. Planning, labeling for allergies and dietary needs, and ensuring kosher preparation are practical considerations in contemporary observance.