Mikrokanalite

Mikrokanalite are microscopic channels etched into a substrate, typically silicon or glass, designed for fluid manipulation and analysis. These structures are fundamental to the field of microfluidics, which focuses on the behavior, precise control, and manipulation of fluids that are geometrically constrained to a small scale. Mikrokanalite can have a variety of shapes and sizes, ranging from tens to hundreds of micrometers in width and depth.

The primary function of mikrokanalite is to direct the flow of liquids or gases. This controlled flow enables a wide range of applications, including chemical synthesis, biological assays, and diagnostic testing. By minimizing the volume of reagents required, mikrokanalite can significantly reduce costs and increase reaction speeds. The high surface area to volume ratio also influences fluid properties, leading to phenomena like laminar flow, where fluids flow in parallel layers without mixing.

The fabrication of mikrokanalite involves techniques such as photolithography, deep reactive-ion etching (DRIE), and laser ablation. These methods allow for the creation of complex channel networks, mixing chambers, and separation units within a single device. The development of mikrokanalite has been pivotal in advancing lab-on-a-chip technologies, enabling the miniaturization of analytical instruments and the development of portable diagnostic devices. Research continues to explore new materials and fabrication methods to enhance the performance and expand the capabilities of mikrokanalite-based systems.