Mikroemulziós

Mikroemulziós refers to a type of microemulsion. A microemulsion is a thermodynamically stable, transparent, and optically isotropic dispersion of one immiscible liquid in another, which forms spontaneously or with minimal energy input. These systems typically consist of oil, water, and a surfactant, and often a cosurfactant. The droplet size in microemulsions is very small, usually ranging from 5 to 50 nanometers, which is responsible for their transparency.

Microemulsions are distinct from traditional emulsions, which are thermodynamically unstable and require significant energy to form. The stability of microemulsions is attributed to the specific arrangement of surfactant and cosurfactant molecules at the oil-water interface, which lowers the interfacial tension to very low or even negative values. This enables the spontaneous formation of tiny droplets.

These systems find widespread applications in various fields due to their unique properties. In the pharmaceutical industry, microemulsions are used for drug delivery, enhancing the solubility and bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs. They are also employed in the cosmetic industry for formulating creams, lotions, and hair care products, providing a smooth texture and effective delivery of active ingredients. Furthermore, microemulsions are utilized in food processing, in the formulation of edible oils, and in enhanced oil recovery in the petroleum industry. Their ability to solubilize both hydrophilic and lipophilic substances makes them versatile for a range of industrial processes.