Migräneattacke

Migräneattacke refers to a sudden and often severe episode of migraine headache. Migraine is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of moderate to severe head pain, which can be throbbing or pulsing, typically on one side of the head. A migraine attack can also be accompanied by other symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and extreme sensitivity to light and sound.

The exact cause of migraine attacks is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve complex interactions between the brain and blood vessels. Genetic factors and environmental triggers can also play a role. Common triggers include stress, hormonal changes, certain foods and drinks, changes in sleep patterns, and sensory stimuli like bright lights or strong smells.

An attack typically progresses through several phases. The prodrome phase can occur hours or days before the headache and may involve mood changes, fatigue, or food cravings. The aura phase, experienced by some individuals, involves sensory disturbances such as visual changes (flashing lights, blind spots), tingling sensations, or speech difficulties. This is followed by the headache phase, which is the most intense and debilitating part of the attack. Finally, the postdrome phase can leave the person feeling exhausted or drained.

Treatment for migraine attacks focuses on relieving pain and managing associated symptoms. This can include over-the-counter pain relievers, prescription medications like triptans, and preventative therapies for frequent or severe attacks. Lifestyle modifications and trigger avoidance are also important components of migraine management.