Microsuction

Microsuction is a medical procedure used to remove ear wax (cerumen) and debris from the external ear canal. It relies on direct visualization, typically with a binocular microscope or high-magnification loupe, combined with controlled suction to extract material while the clinician guides the instrument.

The procedure is usually performed in a clinic by trained professionals such as ENT doctors, audiologists, or capable general practitioners. It is indicated for symptomatic cerumen blockage causing hearing loss or fullness, discomfort, or recurrent infections, and for the removal of impacted wax when other methods are not suitable. Contraindications include a perforated tympanic membrane, active otitis externa or media, recent ear surgery, or any condition where suction could worsen problems. Pre-softening wax with cerumenolytics may be used in some cases, but irrigation is not required and is used selectively.

Equipment and technique involve a regulated suction device and a fine suction tip. The clinician visualizes the ear canal and tympanic membrane, inserts the tip gently, and applies suction to remove the wax while guiding the instrument to avoid trauma. The procedure is often well tolerated and can be performed with or without topical anesthetic, depending on patient sensitivity and requirement for more invasive manipulation.

Safety and outcomes: microsuction is generally considered safe when performed by trained personnel. Potential risks include temporary dizziness or tinnitus, earache, mild bleeding, and rare damage to the ear canal or tympanic membrane. It often provides immediate visualization of the ear drum and can be more effective for hard or narrow canals than alternative methods such as irrigation.

Aftercare typically includes keeping the ear dry for 24 to 48 hours and avoiding inserting objects into the ear; seek medical advice if pain, persistent discharge, fever, or reduced hearing develops.