Mióma

Mióma, also known as uterine fibroids or leiomyomas, are non-cancerous growths that develop in the uterus. They are typically composed of muscle and fibrous tissue and can vary in size, shape, and number. Mióma are very common, particularly among women of reproductive age, and their exact cause is not fully understood, though hormonal factors, such as estrogen and progesterone, are believed to play a role in their development and growth.

The presence of mióma can range from being asymptomatic to causing significant symptoms. When symptoms do occur, they can include heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding, pelvic pain or pressure, frequent urination, constipation, and back or leg pain. The location and size of the mióma often dictate the type and severity of symptoms experienced. Some mióma grow within the uterine wall, while others protrude into the uterine cavity or extend outwards from the uterus.

Diagnosis of mióma typically involves a pelvic exam, ultrasound, and sometimes other imaging techniques like MRI. Treatment options depend on the severity of symptoms, the size and number of mióma, and the individual's desire for future fertility. Options range from watchful waiting for asymptomatic cases to medications to manage bleeding or shrink fibroids, and surgical interventions such as myomectomy (surgical removal of fibroids) or hysterectomy (surgical removal of the uterus) for more severe cases.