Metatarsophalangealgelenk

The metatarsophalangeal joint, often abbreviated as MTP joint, is a pivotal joint in the human foot, located between the metatarsal bones and the proximal phalanges of the toes. This joint plays a crucial role in foot function, enabling movements such as dorsiflexion (pointing the toes) and plantarflexion (bending the toes downward). The MTP joint is a hinge joint, allowing for a wide range of motion in the transverse plane.

The MTP joint is composed of a proximal articular surface on the metatarsal head and a distal articular surface on the base of the proximal phalanx. These surfaces are covered by articular cartilage, which provides a smooth surface for articulation. The joint is stabilized by ligaments, including the plantar and dorsal collateral ligaments, which prevent excessive movement and maintain joint stability.

The MTP joint is innervated by the deep peroneal nerve, which supplies sensory and motor innervation to the foot. The joint is also supplied by blood vessels, including the dorsal metatarsal artery and vein, which provide nutrients and remove waste products from the joint tissues.

The MTP joint is susceptible to various injuries, including sprains, strains, and fractures. Common conditions affecting the MTP joint include hallux rigidus, a condition characterized by stiffness and pain in the big toe, and hammer toe, a deformity caused by the flexion of the proximal interphalangeal joint. Treatment for MTP joint injuries and conditions may include rest, ice, compression, elevation (RICE), physical therapy, and in some cases, surgical intervention.

In summary, the metatarsophalangeal joint is a vital component of the foot's structure and function, enabling movement and providing stability. Understanding the anatomy, function, and potential injuries of the MTP joint is essential for maintaining foot health and addressing related conditions.