Melalui

Melalui is a preposition in Indonesian and Malay that means through, via, or by means of. It indicates the channel, medium, or method by which an action is performed or information is conveyed, rather than the agent performing it. The word is commonly used in both spoken and written language to describe how something is accomplished or how something is reached.

In practice, melalui is followed by a noun phrase that names the channel, route, or intermediary. Examples include melalui email (via email), melalui jalur darat (through the land route), melalui perantara (through mediation), and melalui negosiasi (through negotiations). It can describe processes, communications, transportation, or distribution.

Usage notes: melalui often conveys a more formal sense than casual alternatives. In everyday speech, speakers may use lewat or by means of shorter constructions in some contexts, but melalui remains standard in official, journalistic, and formal writing. The preposition emphasizes the path or medium rather than the initiating agent.

Translations in English typically render melalui as through or via, depending on context. It contrasts with other prepositions such as dengan (with) or oleh (by the agent in passive constructions), which serve different grammatical roles.

Melalui is a native term in Indonesian and Malay, widely used across formal and media language to express channel-based or medium-based relationships. See also: lewat, melalui jalur, via.