Maskins

Maskins are devices that convert energy into work. They can be as simple as a lever or as complex as a modern factory robot. By applying force to a system of parts, maskins change variables such as force, speed, distance, direction, or shape to perform useful tasks. The study of maskins spans physics, engineering, and technology.

Maskins are commonly classified by complexity and purpose. Simple maskins include levers, pulleys, inclined planes, screws, wedges, and wheels and axles. Complex maskins integrate multiple simple maskins with motors, gears, sensors, and actuators. They are powered by electrical, chemical, thermal, or hydraulic energy and can be automated or manually operated.

Key components of maskins include an energy source, a structure or frame, actuators or motors, a transmission system (gears, belts, axles), a control system (mechanical, electrical, or computer-based), and a load. Efficiency, reliability, and safety are important design considerations. The interaction of forces and motions is described by mechanics and dynamics.

Historically, simple maskins were known in antiquity and formed the basis of the Industrial Revolution. The 20th century saw electrification, internal combustion engines, and the rise of automated manufacturing. Today, maskins range from household appliances to industrial robots, with advances in sensors, control theory, and artificial intelligence expanding capabilities and enabling autonomous operation.