Manía

Manía, in a general sense, refers to an excessive enthusiasm or obsession with something. This term is often used informally to describe a strong, perhaps irrational, passion or fixation. It can manifest in various aspects of life, from hobbies and interests to specific ideas or activities. While not a formal medical diagnosis on its own, the concept of manía overlaps with clinical descriptions of heightened states of energy and focus.

In psychology and psychiatry, a manic episode is a distinct period of abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable mood, and abnormally and persistently increased activity or energy, lasting at least one week and present most of the day, nearly every day. This state can include symptoms such as inflated self-esteem, decreased need for sleep, being more talkative than usual, racing thoughts, distractibility, increased goal-directed activity, and excessive involvement in activities that have a high potential for painful consequences. Manía is a core feature of bipolar disorder, specifically bipolar I disorder, where it is contrasted with depressive episodes. However, manic-like symptoms can also occur in other conditions or as a result of substance use or certain medical conditions. The intensity and duration of these symptoms are crucial for diagnosis.