Maksasolusolujen

Maksasolusolujen, also known as hepatocytes, are the primary functional cells of the liver. These specialized cells constitute the vast majority of the liver's mass and are responsible for carrying out a wide array of vital metabolic, endocrine, and exocrine functions. Hepatocytes are large, polygonal cells with abundant cytoplasm, typically containing one or two prominent nuclei.

Their functions are incredibly diverse. They play a central role in carbohydrate metabolism, regulating blood glucose levels through processes like glycogen synthesis and breakdown. In lipid metabolism, hepatocytes synthesize bile acids, cholesterol, and lipoproteins, and are crucial for the breakdown of fatty acids. Protein synthesis is another major role, with hepatocytes producing albumin, clotting factors, and many other plasma proteins.

Furthermore, hepatocytes are involved in detoxification, metabolizing and eliminating a wide range of endogenous and exogenous substances, including drugs, toxins, and metabolic waste products like bilirubin. They also synthesize bile, which aids in the digestion and absorption of fats in the small intestine. Due to their central role in many bodily processes, hepatocytes are highly metabolically active and are essential for maintaining overall health and homeostasis. Damage to hepatocytes, as seen in conditions like hepatitis or cirrhosis, can have severe systemic consequences.