Makroprudentialmaßnahmen

Makroprudentia, a term derived from the Greek words "makros" meaning large and "prudentia" meaning foresight, refers to a branch of economics that focuses on the stability of the financial system as a whole. Instead of concentrating on individual institutions or markets, makroprudentia analyzes the risks that can build up across the entire financial sector and potentially lead to systemic crises. It recognizes that the interconnectedness of financial institutions and markets can amplify individual problems into much larger systemic ones.

The core objective of makroprudentia is to identify, monitor, and mitigate these system-wide risks. This involves looking at factors such as excessive credit growth, asset bubbles, high leverage, and the interconnectedness of financial institutions. Policies aimed at makroprudentia often involve setting capital requirements for banks that are countercyclical, meaning they are higher during booms and lower during downturns, to build resilience. Other tools include loan-to-value limits for mortgages, debt-to-income ratios, and liquidity requirements. The goal is not necessarily to prevent all financial distress, but to ensure that when it does occur, it does not threaten the stability of the entire economy.