Makhzumite

Makhzumite is a rare mineral with the chemical formula Ca3Al2(SO4)3(OH)2·12H2O. It belongs to the ettringite group of minerals, which are characterized by their complex sulfate and hydroxide structures. Makhzumite was first discovered in the Makhzum mine in the Al-Makhzum district of Saudi Arabia. The mineral typically occurs as small, colorless to white prismatic crystals. It is often found in association with other sulfate minerals in arid environments.

The formation of makhzumite is thought to occur through hydrothermal processes or as a secondary mineral in evaporite deposits. Its crystallography is monoclinic, and it has a Mohs hardness of 2.5 to 3, indicating it is a relatively soft mineral. Due to its rarity and small crystal sizes, makhzumite has limited practical applications. However, it is of scientific interest to mineralogists studying sulfate mineralogy and the geological conditions under which these minerals form. Further research may reveal more about its occurrence and properties in different geological settings.