Majanduskõikumised

Majanduskõikumised, known in English as economic fluctuations or business cycles, refer to the natural expansion and contraction of a nation's economy. These cycles are characterized by periods of growth, prosperity, recession, and recovery. The expansion phase is typically marked by rising employment, increasing production, and a general increase in consumer spending. Businesses often invest and expand during these times. However, this growth cannot last indefinitely.

Eventually, an economy enters a contractionary phase, commonly referred to as a recession. During a recession, there is a slowdown in economic activity, characterized by declining production, rising unemployment, and a decrease in consumer and business spending. This period can be challenging for individuals and businesses alike. Following a recession, an economy usually enters a recovery phase, where economic activity begins to pick up again, leading to renewed growth. The full cycle, from peak to trough and back to peak, is considered a business cycle.

These fluctuations are influenced by a variety of factors, including changes in consumer confidence, government policies, technological advancements, and global economic conditions. While some fluctuations are mild, others can be severe. Understanding majanduskõikumised is crucial for policymakers, businesses, and individuals to navigate economic changes and make informed decisions. Economic indicators are closely monitored to predict and respond to these cycles.