MIGSchweißen

MIG welding, also known as Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW), is an arc welding process that uses a continuously fed consumable wire electrode and a shielding gas to protect the weld pool from atmospheric contamination. The acronym MIG stands for Metal Inert Gas, though the process can also utilize active gases, hence the broader term GMAW.

In MIG welding, a welding gun feeds the wire electrode from a spool at a controlled rate. As the wire travels through the gun's contact tip, it becomes energized by the welding current. An electric arc is struck between the tip of the wire and the workpiece, generating sufficient heat to melt both the wire and the base material. The molten metal from the electrode then forms the weld bead, joining the pieces together. Simultaneously, a shielding gas, typically a mixture of inert gases like argon or helium, or active gases like carbon dioxide or oxygen, flows from the gun nozzle. This gas displaces the surrounding air, preventing oxygen and nitrogen from entering the molten weld pool, which could lead to porosity and embrittlement.

MIG welding offers several advantages, including high welding speeds, ease of automation, and the ability to weld a wide range of metals and thicknesses. It is a versatile process commonly used in manufacturing, automotive repair, construction, and fabrication. The choice of wire electrode material and shielding gas mixture depends on the type of base metal being welded and the desired weld characteristics. Proper settings for voltage, wire feed speed, and gas flow are crucial for achieving sound welds.