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MBD3

MBD3, or methyl-CpG binding domain protein 3, is a conserved vertebrate protein encoded by the MBD3 gene. It is a core subunit of the Mi-2/NuRD chromatin remodeling complex, a multi-subunit assembly that couples ATP-dependent nucleosome remodeling with histone deacetylation. Unlike other methyl-CpG binding domain (MBD) proteins, MBD3 does not bind methylated DNA due to substitutions in its MBD. Instead, MBD3 helps recruit and stabilize NuRD on chromatin through interactions with other subunits, including MTA1/2/3, HDAC1/2, CHD3/4, RBBP4/7, and GATAD2A/B.

MBD3 exists primarily as two major isoforms, MBD3a and MBD3b, produced by alternative splicing. It is widely

Functionally, MBD3 contributes to development and cell differentiation by regulating gene expression programs through NuRD. In

Clinical and research relevance: due to its central role in epigenetic regulation, MBD3 is a focus of

expressed
in
human
tissues
and
localizes
to
the
nucleus,
where
it
participates
in
transcriptional
repression
via
NuRD-mediated
deacetylation
and
remodeling
of
nucleosomes.
embryonic
stem
cells,
the
NuRD–MBD3
complex
helps
balance
pluripotency
and
differentiation,
and
disruption
of
MBD3
alters
expression
patterns
related
to
lineage
commitment.
studies
on
development,
stem
cell
biology,
and
cancer.
It
is
commonly
studied
as
part
of
the
NuRD
complex
and
as
a
component
of
chromatin-based
gene
repression
mechanisms.