Lümfoomi

Lümfoomi is a Swedish term that translates to lymphoma in English. Lymphoma is a type of cancer that begins in the lymphocytes, which are a type of white blood cell that plays a role in the immune system. Lymphoma affects the lymphatic system, a network of vessels and nodes that helps rid the body of waste and toxins.

There are two main types of lymphoma: Hodgkin lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Hodgkin lymphoma is characterized by the presence of specific abnormal cells called Reed-Sternberg cells. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is a broader category that encompasses all other lymphomas that do not have these cells.

Symptoms of lymphoma can include swollen lymph nodes, often in the neck, armpit, or groin, which are usually painless. Other common symptoms can include fever, night sweats, fatigue, and unexplained weight loss. The exact cause of lymphoma is not fully understood, but certain risk factors have been identified, such as weakened immune systems, certain infections like Epstein-Barr virus, and exposure to certain chemicals.

Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination, blood tests, imaging scans like CT or PET scans, and a biopsy of an affected lymph node. Treatment options vary depending on the type and stage of lymphoma and can include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, and stem cell transplantation. Prognosis is dependent on the specific type, stage, and individual patient factors.