Léghólyaggyulladásokat

Léghólyaggyulladásokat, also known as alveolitis, refers to inflammation of the alveoli, the tiny air sacs in the lungs responsible for gas exchange. This condition can arise from various causes, broadly categorized as infectious and non-infectious.

Infectious alveolitis is often caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi that infect the lung tissue. Pneumonia is a common example where alveoli become inflamed and fill with fluid or pus, leading to symptoms like cough, fever, and difficulty breathing.

Non-infectious alveolitis can be triggered by inhaled substances, autoimmune reactions, or certain medications. Hypersensitivity pneumonitis, for instance, occurs when the immune system overreacts to inhaled organic dusts, such as mold spores or bird droppings. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, a progressive scarring of lung tissue, can also involve alveolar inflammation as part of its pathogenesis. Other causes include exposure to certain industrial chemicals or dusts, leading to occupational lung diseases.

Symptoms of léghólyaggyulladásokat can vary depending on the underlying cause and severity but commonly include shortness of breath, dry cough, fatigue, and fever. In more severe cases, hypoxemia (low blood oxygen levels) can occur, necessitating medical intervention. Diagnosis typically involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, imaging studies like chest X-rays or CT scans, and sometimes lung biopsy. Treatment strategies are tailored to the specific cause and may include antibiotics for infections, corticosteroids or immunosuppressants for inflammatory or autoimmune conditions, and supportive care to manage symptoms and improve oxygenation.