Lämpövoimalaitoksen

Lämpövoimalaitos, also known as a thermal power plant, is an industrial facility designed to generate electricity through the combustion of fuel. The primary process involves heating water to produce steam, which then drives a turbine connected to a generator. This steam cycle is the fundamental principle behind most thermal power plants.

The fuels used in lämpövoimalaitokset vary widely and can include fossil fuels such as coal, natural gas, and oil, as well as biomass and waste materials. The choice of fuel significantly impacts the plant's environmental footprint, particularly in terms of emissions. Modern plants often incorporate technologies to reduce pollutants like sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides.

The steam generated is typically at high pressure and temperature. As it passes through the turbine, its thermal energy is converted into mechanical energy. The spinning turbine then powers a generator, which converts this mechanical energy into electrical energy. After passing through the turbine, the steam is condensed back into water and returned to the boiler to repeat the cycle.

Lämpövoimalaitokset are a major source of electricity generation globally, providing a reliable and dispatchable power supply. However, their operation, especially those using fossil fuels, is associated with significant greenhouse gas emissions, contributing to climate change. Consequently, there is a growing trend towards developing and utilizing more sustainable fuel sources and improving energy efficiency in these facilities.