Lämpötilalaitteet

Lämpötilalaitteet, commonly known as thermometers, are instruments used to measure temperature. They operate based on the principle that physical properties of matter change with temperature. The most common type is the liquid-in-glass thermometer, which utilizes the thermal expansion of a liquid, typically mercury or colored alcohol, within a sealed glass tube. As the temperature rises, the liquid expands and rises in the calibrated tube, indicating the temperature.

Another widely used type is the digital thermometer, which often employs thermistors or thermocouples. Thermistors are semiconductor devices whose electrical resistance changes significantly with temperature. Thermocouples are made of two dissimilar metals joined at one end. A temperature difference between the joined ends and the other ends generates a small voltage, which is proportional to the temperature.

Infrared thermometers measure the thermal radiation emitted by an object. They are non-contact thermometers, useful for measuring the temperature of distant or moving objects, or surfaces that are too hot to touch. Bimetallic thermometers use the difference in thermal expansion between two bonded metal strips. As temperature changes, the strips bend, moving a pointer on a dial.

Lämpötilalaitteet are essential in numerous fields, including medicine, industry, science, and everyday life, providing crucial data for monitoring, control, and safety. Their calibration and accuracy are vital for reliable measurements.