Lämpötilakoevaste

Lämpötilakoevaste, often translated as temperature coefficient of resistance, is a property of electrical conductors and semiconductors that describes how their electrical resistance changes with temperature. It is typically expressed in units of per degree Celsius (°C⁻¹) or per Kelvin (K⁻¹). For many metals, this coefficient is positive, meaning that as the temperature increases, the resistance also increases. This phenomenon is due to increased atomic vibrations within the material, which impede the flow of electrons. Semiconductors, on the other hand, often have a negative temperature coefficient. In these materials, an increase in temperature can provide enough energy to free more charge carriers, thus decreasing their resistance. The precise value of the temperature coefficient varies significantly between different materials. This property is crucial in the design of electronic components, particularly resistors, and in the development of temperature sensors like thermistors, where the predictable change in resistance with temperature is exploited for measurement. Understanding lämpötilakoevaste is essential for ensuring the stability and accuracy of electrical circuits across a range of operating temperatures.