Lymfosyyteille

Lymfosyyteille, or lymphocytes, are a type of white blood cell crucial to the adaptive immune system. They are produced in the bone marrow and mature in various lymphoid organs, including the thymus, spleen, and lymph nodes. There are three main types of lymphocytes: B cells, T cells, and natural killer (NK) cells. B cells are responsible for producing antibodies, which are proteins that identify and neutralize foreign substances like bacteria and viruses. T cells play a more direct role in immunity. Helper T cells assist in activating other immune cells, while cytotoxic T cells directly kill infected cells or cancer cells. NK cells, as their name suggests, can recognize and kill target cells without prior sensitization, often targeting tumor cells and virus-infected cells.

The primary function of lymphocytes is to recognize specific antigens, which are molecules found on the surface of pathogens or abnormal cells. Upon encountering an antigen, lymphocytes become activated, proliferate, and differentiate into effector cells that can eliminate the threat. This adaptive immune response is highly specific and provides long-lasting immunity. Lymphocytes are essential for maintaining health and protecting the body from a wide range of diseases. Their precise mechanisms of action and interactions are complex and are a significant area of ongoing research in immunology.