Lungebronkierne

Lungebronkierne, often referred to as bronchial tubes or airways, are a crucial part of the respiratory system in humans and many other animals. They are the passages that conduct air into the lungs. The trachea, or windpipe, splits into two main bronchi, one for each lung, which are known as the primary bronchi. These primary bronchi then further subdivide into smaller and smaller tubes, forming a branching structure within the lungs. This intricate network of airways is often described as the bronchial tree.

The walls of the lungebronkierne are composed of cartilage, smooth muscle, and a lining of mucous membrane. The cartilage rings provide structural support, preventing the airways from collapsing during inhalation and exhalation. The smooth muscle allows for the regulation of airway diameter, which can change in response to various stimuli. The mucous membrane contains specialized cells that produce mucus, a sticky substance that traps inhaled particles such as dust, pollen, and pathogens. Cilia, tiny hair-like structures also present in the lining, continuously sweep this mucus upwards, away from the lungs, towards the pharynx where it can be swallowed or expelled. This mechanism is vital for keeping the lungs clean and preventing infections. Diseases affecting the lungebronkierne, such as bronchitis and asthma, can impair breathing by causing inflammation, swelling, and increased mucus production, narrowing the airways.