Luftbränslebalans

Luftbränslebalans refers to the precise ratio of air to fuel required for efficient and complete combustion within an engine. This ratio is crucial for optimal engine performance, fuel economy, and emissions control. The ideal stoichiometric air-fuel ratio, where all the fuel can theoretically be burned with all the available oxygen, is approximately 14.7:1 by mass for gasoline. Deviations from this ideal ratio have significant consequences. An air-fuel ratio that is too rich, meaning more fuel than necessary for complete combustion, can lead to incomplete burning, wasted fuel, and increased carbon monoxide emissions. Conversely, an air-fuel ratio that is too lean, meaning less fuel than necessary, can result in higher combustion temperatures, potentially damaging the engine, and increased nitrogen oxide emissions. Modern internal combustion engines utilize sophisticated electronic control units (ECUs) and oxygen sensors (lambda sensors) to constantly monitor and adjust the air-fuel mixture in real-time, ensuring it remains as close to the stoichiometric ratio as possible under varying operating conditions. This precise control of the luftbränslebalans is a cornerstone of modern engine technology.