Lubrikatsioon

Lubrikatsioon is the process of reducing friction between two or more surfaces in relative motion. This is typically achieved by introducing a substance, known as a lubricant, between the surfaces. Lubricants can be solids, liquids, or gases, and their primary function is to create a film that prevents direct contact between the moving parts.

The effectiveness of lubrication depends on several factors, including the viscosity of the lubricant, the speed of the surfaces, the applied load, and the operating temperature. Different types of lubrication exist, such as hydrodynamic lubrication, where the lubricant film is entirely generated by the relative motion of the surfaces, and boundary lubrication, where the surfaces are in close contact and rely on the properties of the lubricant molecules to prevent wear.

Lubrication is crucial in a wide range of applications, from simple mechanical devices like door hinges to complex machinery in industries such as automotive, aerospace, and manufacturing. Proper lubrication helps to decrease wear and tear, dissipate heat, prevent corrosion, and improve the overall efficiency and lifespan of mechanical systems. Common types of lubricants include mineral oils, synthetic oils, greases, and solid lubricants like graphite and molybdenum disulfide. The selection of the appropriate lubricant is vital for optimal performance and depends heavily on the specific operating conditions and the materials involved.