Lophophthalmidae

Lophophthalmidae is a family of decapod crustaceans belonging to the infraorder Anomura. This family contains a single genus, Lophophthalmus, and one described species, Lophophthalmus enigmaticus. The genus name Lophophthalmus is derived from Greek words meaning "crest" and "eye," referring to a prominent crest-like structure on the carapace and the animal's stalked eyes.

Lophophthalmus enigmaticus is characterized by its distinctive carapace morphology. It possesses a somewhat flattened, ovate carapace with a median anterior projection that gives it a somewhat triangular appearance from above. The eyes are large and appear to be capable of significant movement. The pereopods (walking legs) are relatively slender. This species is a marine organism.

The exact ecological role and distribution of Lophophthalmidae are not extensively documented, contributing to the enigmatic nature suggested by the species name. Limited information suggests it inhabits marine environments, likely demersal, meaning it lives on or near the seafloor. Further research is needed to fully understand its habitat, diet, and reproductive strategies. The family's taxonomic placement within Anomura is based on morphological characteristics, particularly those of the abdomen and pleopods.