Ljusöverkänslighet

Ljusöverkänslighet, also known as photosensitivity or photophobia, is a medical symptom characterized by discomfort or pain in the eyes when exposed to light. This sensitivity can range from mild annoyance to severe pain and can be triggered by natural sunlight, artificial light, or even specific wavelengths of light. The underlying cause of ljusöverkänslighet is varied and can be indicative of several different conditions.

Common causes include eye conditions such as migraines, which are often accompanied by photophobia, or dry eye syndrome, where the ocular surface becomes irritated. Inflammation within the eye, like uveitis or keratitis, can also lead to increased light sensitivity. Neurological conditions, including meningitis or concussion, can sometimes manifest with this symptom. Certain medications, such as those used to treat depression or acne, may also have photosensitivity as a side effect. Even conditions affecting the iris or pupil, like iritis or a dilated pupil, can make individuals more susceptible to light discomfort.

Diagnosis typically involves a thorough eye examination by an ophthalmologist or optometrist to rule out underlying ocular pathologies. A medical history, including any recent changes in medication or other symptoms, is also crucial. Treatment focuses on addressing the root cause. If it's an eye condition, specific treatments like eye drops or vision correction may be prescribed. For migraines, managing the migraine itself often alleviates photophobia. In cases of medication-induced sensitivity, adjusting the dosage or switching to an alternative drug may be necessary. Lifestyle adjustments, such as wearing sunglasses outdoors or using dimmer lighting indoors, can also provide relief.