Liigesvedelik

Liigesvedelik, also known as synovial fluid, is a viscous, clear to slightly yellowish fluid found within the joint capsules of synovial joints. It is a vital component for the smooth and pain-free movement of these joints. The primary function of liigesvedelik is lubrication. It acts like a lubricant, reducing friction between the articular cartilage surfaces of the bones, allowing them to glide against each other with minimal wear and tear.

Beyond lubrication, liigesvedelik also plays a crucial role in nourishing the articular cartilage. The cartilage itself is avascular, meaning it lacks a direct blood supply. Liigesvedelik diffuses nutrients, such as oxygen and glucose, into the cartilage and removes waste products, thereby maintaining its health and integrity. Furthermore, liigesvedelik acts as a shock absorber, helping to dissipate forces transmitted through the joint and protecting the bones and cartilage from impact.

The production of liigesvedelik is carried out by specialized cells called synoviocytes, which line the inner surface of the joint capsule. These cells secrete the fluid into the joint cavity. The composition of liigesvedelik is primarily water, with dissolved proteins, hyaluronic acid, lipids, and electrolytes. Hyaluronic acid, in particular, contributes significantly to the fluid's viscosity and lubricating properties. Disruptions in the production or composition of liigesvedelik can lead to joint pain, stiffness, and inflammation, often seen in conditions like arthritis.