Lhôpars

Lhôpars, also known as Parsis, are an ethnic and religious community originating from Persia (modern-day Iran) who migrated primarily to India during the 8th to 10th centuries. Their migration was driven by religious persecution under the Muslim Seljuk dynasty, which targeted Zoroastrians, the followers of the ancient Persian religion founded by the prophet Zarathustra. The term "Lhôpar" is derived from the Gujarati word *Lohar*, meaning "blacksmith," a traditional occupation of many early Zoroastrian immigrants.

The Lhôpars in India, particularly in Gujarat, adopted the term "Parsi" (from the Persian *Pārsī*, meaning "of the Pars region") to distinguish themselves from other Zoroastrians. Over time, they developed a distinct cultural identity while preserving elements of their ancestral traditions. Their religion, Zoroastrianism, remains central to their community, though many have integrated aspects of local customs and languages.

Lhôpars are known for their contributions to various fields, including business, science, and the arts. Notable figures include the Tata industrialists, the Nobel laureate Homi J. Bhabha, and the filmmaker Fredric March. The community has also played a significant role in shaping Indian society, particularly in urban centers like Mumbai, where they have established influential institutions such as the Zoroastrian Fire Temples and the Parsi General Hospital.

The Lhôpars face challenges related to dwindling numbers due to low birth rates and emigration, particularly to countries like the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom. Efforts to preserve their cultural heritage include the promotion of Zoroastrian education, the preservation of ancient texts, and the maintenance of traditional rituals. Despite these challenges, the Lhôpars continue to maintain a strong sense of community and identity.