Lekkasjeelektrostrømmen

Lekkasjeelektrostrømmen, often translated as leakage current, refers to the unintended flow of electric current through a path that is not the intended circuit. This can occur through insulation, across surfaces, or via parasitic capacitance. In AC circuits, leakage current can arise from imperfections in insulation, moisture, or dust on insulating materials. In DC circuits, it is primarily caused by insulation breakdown or conductive pathways.

Leakage current is a critical concern for electrical safety. While a small amount of leakage current is often unavoidable, excessive leakage can pose a risk of electric shock to users of electrical equipment. It can also lead to energy waste and can be a precursor to more serious electrical faults, such as short circuits or fires.

Electrical safety standards and regulations typically specify maximum allowable leakage current levels for various types of electrical equipment. Devices like residual current devices (RCDs) or ground fault circuit interrupters (GFCIs) are designed to detect significant leakage current to ground and rapidly interrupt the power supply, thereby preventing electric shocks. Regular testing and maintenance of electrical installations and equipment are essential to identify and mitigate potential leakage current issues. The measurement of leakage current is performed using specialized instruments to ensure compliance with safety standards.