Legionelly

Legionella is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria that are naturally found in freshwater environments such as lakes and streams. They can also survive in man-made water systems like plumbing, hot tubs, and cooling towers. The bacteria are typically found in warm water, making these systems ideal breeding grounds. Legionella bacteria are the cause of Legionnaires' disease, a severe form of pneumonia, and Pontiac fever, a milder flu-like illness.

Legionnaires' disease is contracted when a person inhales water droplets containing the bacteria. It is not spread from person to person. Symptoms of Legionnaires' disease include cough, shortness of breath, fever, muscle aches, and headaches. The incubation period can range from 2 to 14 days. Pontiac fever is a less severe illness with symptoms that appear much faster, usually within 24 to 48 hours, and resolve on their own without treatment.

Preventing Legionella infections primarily involves managing water systems to minimize bacterial growth. This includes maintaining water temperatures, regular cleaning and disinfection of water systems, and ensuring proper water flow. High-risk individuals, such as the elderly, smokers, and those with weakened immune systems, are more susceptible to developing Legionnaires' disease. Public health agencies provide guidelines for managing water systems to reduce the risk of Legionella contamination.