LeclanchéZellen

LeclanchéZellen refers to a type of wet cell battery invented by Georges Leclanché in 1866. It is a primary cell, meaning it is designed for single use and cannot be recharged. The original Leclanché cell consisted of a zinc anode and a carbon cathode. The electrolyte was a solution of ammonium chloride, and the cathode was surrounded by a paste of manganese dioxide and carbon powder. The manganese dioxide acted as a depolarizer, preventing the buildup of hydrogen gas at the cathode, which would otherwise reduce the cell's efficiency.

When the cell is connected to an external circuit, zinc is oxidized at the anode, releasing electrons. These electrons travel through the external circuit to the cathode, where they react with manganese dioxide and ammonium ions. The overall reaction results in the production of electrical energy. Leclanché cells were widely used in early telegraphy, doorbells, and electric lighting.

The design of the Leclanché cell has evolved over time. Dry cell versions, where the electrolyte is absorbed into a porous material, were developed later and became far more common due to their convenience and portability. Modern dry cells, such as the zinc-carbon battery, are direct descendants of Leclanché's original invention, although they often use slightly different electrolyte formulations or cathode materials for improved performance and shelf life. Despite the advent of more advanced battery technologies, the fundamental principles established by the Leclanché cell remain relevant in electrochemistry.