Latreilliidae

Latreilliidae is a small family of crabs belonging to the infraorder Brachyura, specifically within the superfamily Bythograjoidea. This family currently contains only two recognized species, both placed in the genus Latreillia. These crabs are characterized by their unusual morphology, which differs significantly from many other common crab species.

The most striking feature of Latreillia crabs is their elongated, slender legs, which are often much longer than their body width. This gives them a somewhat spider-like appearance. Their carapace is typically smooth and somewhat flattened, and they possess relatively small chelipeds (claws). Unlike many benthic crabs that scuttle along the seabed, Latreilliidae are often found in deeper waters, inhabiting soft bottoms or attached to sessile organisms like sponges and corals. Their elongated legs are thought to be an adaptation for navigating these environments and perhaps for a more sedentary lifestyle.

The two species in the family are Latreillia elegans and Latreillia pennatifera. Latreillia elegans is found in the Indo-Pacific region, while Latreillia pennatifera has a more widespread distribution across the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Due to their deep-sea habitat and relatively infrequent encounters, much about their specific ecology, reproduction, and life cycle remains poorly understood. Research into this family is ongoing, aiming to shed more light on their unique adaptations and evolutionary relationships within the Brachyura.