Laserohutuse

Laserohutuse is the discipline that focuses on protecting people and property from hazards posed by lasers. It encompasses hazard identification, risk assessment, the implementation of engineering and administrative controls, and the communication of safety information. It applies in research laboratories, medical facilities, manufacturing environments, and consumer devices.

Hazards include optical radiation that can cause eye injuries and skin burns, as well as secondary risks such as fires, electrical shock, and chemical exposure from cooling systems or laser media. Lasers are classified by hazard potential (Class 1, 1M, 2, 2M, 3R, 3B, 4) according to international standards, with higher classes requiring stronger protective measures. Pulsed lasers may produce high instantaneous irradiance even if average power is low.

Controls follow the hierarchy of controls: engineering measures such as enclosed beam paths, beam enclosures, interlocks, and beam stops; administrative measures including training, risk assessments, standard operating procedures, access control, and maintenance; and personal protective equipment like wavelength-specific laser safety goggles and suitable protective clothing. Establishing controlled areas and warning signage is standard practice.

Standards and regulation: ISO/IEC 60825-1 provides the framework for laser safety; many jurisdictions implement EN 60825-1 or related national regulations. Regular safety audits, equipment calibration, and incident reporting support ongoing compliance. Effective laser safety reduces the likelihood of eye injuries, skin damage, and equipment fires across research, healthcare, and industry.