Landesbahnen

Landesbahnen, a German term translating to "state railways," refers to railway companies that are owned and operated by individual German states (Länder). These entities typically focus on regional and local rail transport within their respective states, often serving smaller towns and connecting them to larger hubs. Unlike the national Deutsche Bahn AG, which handles the majority of long-distance and mainline services, Landesbahnen operate on a smaller scale, complementing the national network.

These state-owned railways often have a long history, with some originating from the pre-nationalization era of German railways. Their operational areas can vary significantly, from extensive networks in larger states to more limited lines in smaller ones. The services provided can include passenger transport, freight, and sometimes specialized lines like industrial railways or tourist routes. Funding for Landesbahnen often comes from a combination of ticket revenues, federal and state subsidies, and investments. They play a crucial role in maintaining public transport accessibility in less populated areas and in supporting regional economic development. The specific names and structures of these Landesbahnen differ across Germany, reflecting the administrative divisions of the federal republic.