Landammann

A Landammann is a traditional political office in some Swiss cantons, particularly in the cantons of Appenzell Ausserrhoden, Appenzell Innerrhoden, and Glarus. The term translates roughly to "Land Father" or "Land Governor." Historically, the Landammann was the chief executive of the canton, presiding over the cantonal government and the Landsgemeinde, the traditional open-air assembly of citizens.

The role of the Landammann has evolved over time. In some cantons, the position is still highly influential, while in others, it has become more ceremonial. The Landammann typically serves for a limited term, often one or two years, and is elected by the citizens at the Landsgemeinde or by the cantonal parliament. They are responsible for representing the canton, chairing government meetings, and often have specific executive duties depending on the canton's constitution. The Landammann embodies a significant aspect of Swiss direct democracy and historical governance structures.