Lalvéole

Lalvéole is a term derived from French, meaning "small cavity" or "little hollow." In biological contexts, it commonly refers to small, cavity-like structures within tissues or organs. The most well-known application of the term pertains to the alveoli in the lungs, which are microscopic air sacs responsible for gas exchange.

Lung alveoli are tiny, balloon-like structures that are clustered at the end of the bronchioles within the respiratory system. They provide an expansive surface area—approximately 70 square meters in adults—that facilitates the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the inhaled air and the blood. The walls of alveoli are extremely thin, composed primarily of a single layer of epithelial cells, allowing efficient diffusion of gases.

Apart from pulmonary structures, the term "lalvéole" can also describe small cavities in other tissues or organ systems, such as in bone (as small cavities housing osteocytes) or in certain plant structures.

The functional integrity of alveoli is critical for effective respiration. Diseases affecting alveoli, such as emphysema, pneumonia, or pulmonary fibrosis, can impair gas exchange and lead to respiratory difficulties. Understanding the structure and function of alveoli is essential for diagnosing and treating respiratory conditions.

In summary, "lalvéole" generally refers to small cavity structures, most notably the alveolar sacs in the lungs that are essential for human respiration. The term highlights the microscopic and hollow nature of these specialized structures within the body.