Laddningsbärarna
Laddningsbärarna, often translated as "charge carriers," refers to the mobile particles within a material that are responsible for electrical conductivity. In most solid conductors, such as metals, these charge carriers are electrons. These are the valence electrons that are not bound to individual atoms but can move freely throughout the material's crystal lattice. When an electric field is applied, these free electrons are propelled in a specific direction, creating an electric current.
In some materials, particularly semiconductors, charge carriers can also be "holes." A hole is essentially the
In electrolytes, such as ionic solutions or molten salts, the charge carriers are ions. These are atoms