LRH1

LRH1, also known as the liver receptor homolog-1, is a nuclear receptor that plays a significant role in metabolic regulation. It is primarily expressed in the liver, adrenal glands, and ovaries. LRH1 acts as a transcriptional regulator, meaning it can increase or decrease the expression of genes.

Its functions are diverse and include regulating the synthesis of bile acids, cholesterol, and steroid hormones. In the liver, LRH1 is crucial for cholesterol homeostasis and bile acid production, which are essential for fat digestion and absorption. It also influences the expression of genes involved in glucose metabolism and fatty acid oxidation.

In the adrenal glands, LRH1 is involved in the production of steroid hormones such as cortisol and aldosterone. In the ovaries, it plays a role in steroidogenesis and the development of ovarian follicles.

The activity of LRH1 is regulated by various factors, including phospholipids and other lipids, which can act as direct ligands. Its complex regulatory mechanisms highlight its importance in maintaining metabolic balance across different tissues. Dysregulation of LRH1 has been implicated in various metabolic disorders, including diabetes, obesity, and liver disease, making it a target of interest for therapeutic intervention.