LMSCs

Large Marine Ecosystems (LMEs) are defined as ocean regions, larger than 200,000 square kilometers, that are characterized by distinct oceanographic features and ecological productivity. These vast areas are home to diverse marine life and play a crucial role in global biogeochemical cycles. LMEs are typically delineated by bathymetry, ocean currents, and the distribution of species.

The concept of LMEs was developed by scientists at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) in the late 1980s to better understand and manage the complex interactions within large ocean areas. They are used as units of analysis and management, recognizing that many marine processes and species distributions transcend political boundaries.

Key characteristics of LMEs include their high primary productivity, which supports extensive food webs. They are also important for fisheries, biodiversity conservation, and climate regulation. Management of LMEs often involves international cooperation due to their transboundary nature. The Global Environment Facility (GEF) has supported numerous LME-focused projects aimed at improving their health and sustainability. Each LME has unique characteristics, but common challenges include overfishing, pollution, and the impacts of climate change.